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Southeast Asia from space at night with city lights showing Southeast Asian cities in Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia, 3d rendering of planet Earth, elements from NASA

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It’s been a hot minute since we could count the individual pixels on an imaging chip, but here we are… The array measures 0.2 inches (5 millimeters) on a side. The device produces a spectrum of X-ray sources between 400 and 12,000 electron volts — up to 5,000 times the energy of visible light — with unprecedented detail.Image Credits: NASA/XRISM/Caroline Kilbourne

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NASA ’s James Webb Space Telescope is form strides in astronomy with its 122 - megapixel primarily infrared pic taken 1.5 million kilometers away from Earth . Impressive poppycock . The space agency ’s newest sky - Peeping Tom takes a different approach , however , performing groundbreaking space science with 36 pixels . That ’s not a typo—36 pixels , not 36 megapixels .

The X - shaft Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission ( XRISM ) , pronounced “ crism , ” is a collaboration between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ( JAXA ) . The mission ’s artificial satellite launched into cranial orbit last September and has been scour the cosmos for answers to some of science ’s most complex questions ever since . The deputation ’s mental imagery instrument , Resolve , has a 36 - pixel image sensor .

“ Resolve is more than a camera . Its sensing element takes the temperature of each X - ray that strike it , ” allege Brian Williams , NASA ’s XRISM project scientist at Goddard , ina press command .   “ We call Resolve a microcalorimeter mass spectrometer because each of its 36 pel is measuring tiny amount of oestrus deliver by each incoming X - electron beam , let us to see the chemical fingerprints of elements making up the sources in unprecedented detail . ”

Equipped with an sinful raiment of picture element , the Resolve instrument can detect “ delicate ” ecstasy - rays , which possess an energy approximately 5,000 times corking than seeable scant wavelength . Its primary focal point is exploring the hottest cosmic regions , the big structures , and the most monolithic heavenly object , such as supermassive black holes . Despite its limited pixel count , each pel in Resolve is remarkable , adequate to of generating a racy spectrum of ocular data embrace an zip range from 400 to 12,000 negatron volts .

The federal agency say the official document can comprehend the motions of elements within a target area , fundamentally offering a three - dimensional perspective . flatulence moving toward us pass off somewhat high-pitched zip than common , while gas prompt away emits slightly depressed energies . This capability opens up newfangled avenue for scientific geographic expedition . For instance , it enable scientist to understand the flow of blistering gas in galaxy cluster and to meticulously give chase the bowel movement of various elements in the remnants of supernova explosions .